Sulphuric Acid, also known as Vitriol is composed of elemental sulphur, Hydrogen and Oxygen.

The molecular formula is :  

Physical Characteristics : Colourless; Odorless; Soluble in water and is highly exothermic in nature. Considered as Strong Acid.

Chemical Characteristic : Highly corrosive in nature, Hygroscopic, Produces severe  chemical and thermal burns when in contact.

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Industrial Sulphuric Acid Production 

In industry sulphuric acid is mainly produced by 

  • Contact Process : 
  • Wet Sulphuric Acid Process
  • Lead Chamber Process : Produces Dilute Sulphuric Acid (67-78% )

ImageCredits : Desmet Ballestra

Chemical Reactions Involved :

Step 1 : Sulphur is burned to produced Sulphur Oxide

Step 2 : Then Sulphur Oxide is oxidized to sulfur trioxide using oxygen in the presence of a vanadium(V) oxide catalyst . This formation of sulphur trioxide is a reversible and highly exothermic reaction.

The sulfur trioxide is absorbed into 97–98%  to form  oleum (), which is also known as fuming sulfuric acid. Thenafter oleum () is  diluted with water to form concentrated sulfuric acid .

Sulphuric Acid Production Process Flow Sheet 

ImageCredits : Process flow sheets ImageCredits : YouTube

Industrial Sulphuric Acid Plant 

  • Paint & Pigments
  • Pharma & Bio- Pharmaceuticals Industries
  • Fertilizer Manufacturing
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • Uses in Oil and Waste water processing Industries
  • Manufacturing Cleaning Agents
  • Batteries
  • Plastic Industry

ImageSource : Wikipedia;  askIITians; DuPont; 

ArticleSource : Wikipedia

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