In industry Ammonia  ia manufactured on a large scale by using Haber -Bosch Process.

  • Nitrogen (From Air)
  • Hydrogen (Derived from Natural Gas : Methane)
  • Other Name : Hydrogen nitride or Trihydrogen nitride or Nitrogen trihydride
  • Molar Mass : 17.031 g/mol
  • Appearance : Colourless
  • Odour : Strong Pungent Smell
  • Solubility in water : 47% w/w (0 °C) ;  31% w/w (25 °C) ;18% w/w (50 °C)
  • Solubility : Soluble in  chloroform, ether, ethanol, methanol
  • Molecular Structure 

In the Haber Bosch Process  nitrogen reacts with the hydrogen (derived mainly from natural gas : methane) to form ammonia. This reaction is highly reversible exothermic in nature.

Operating Pressure : 200 bar

ImageCredit : Graphics – NEED-MEDIA ImageCredit : http://ietd.iipnetwork.org

One of the main Byproduct of this is Carbon Dioxide Formation. Ammonia is the main building block for ammonium nitrate fertilizer.

Applications :

  •  Hydrazine and Hydroxylamine are the main derivatives of Ammonia.
  • Fertilizer (90% of ammonia is used in fertilizer industry).

ImageSource : wikipedia

Read Also Another Articles

Sulphuric Acid Manufacturing Process
Urea Production and Manufacturing

Cement Manufacturing Process

Vinyl Chloride from Ethylene

Cooling Tower

Psychrometric Chart

What is Boiler ?

Venturi Flow Meter

Pitot Tube 

Coriolis Mass Flow Meter

RECIPROCATING PUMP

Design of Centrifugal Pump

Valve & Its Types

Cavitation

P&ID Symbols and Notation